.webp)
Diarrhoea can lead to illness in young children, and it is a concern for the health and well-being of many children under 5. In this article, we will understand what diarrhoea is, its causes, and how to treat it.
Diarrhoea is characterised by loose or watery stools and increased frequency, commonly experienced by children. It is not a standalone illness but rather a symptom of various underlying conditions. While often not severe, it is crucial to recognise when medical attention is necessary as it can lead to dehydration and imbalances in electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and chloride if left untreated.
Diarrhoea can broadly be classified into the following two categories:
There are numerous causes of diarrhoea in children. Some of them are:
Other than loose stools, diarrhoea has no fixed symptom and can vary from child to child. However, the following are some other signs that can occur along with watery stools:
If your child's diarrhoea lasts more than 2 weeks, it could indicate a severe problem or an underlying medical condition.
When diagnosing acute diarrhoea, tests are often unnecessary unless dehydration is suspected, in which case blood tests may be ordered. Stool samples may be collected, especially if blood is present, to pinpoint the cause, but results can take several days.
Chronic diarrhoea typically requires extensive testing, including blood tests to check for anaemia, inflammation, and other conditions like Celiac disease.
Treatment decisions are based on the underlying cause identified through diagnostic tests.
Treating diarrhoea depends on the child's general health, symptoms, and age.
Oral rehydration solutions are effective for mild dehydration in children and can be obtained over the counter. These solutions are preferred over other drinks like juices or sports drinks, which can exacerbate diarrhoea. Severe cases with vomiting and dehydration may necessitate hospitalisation for intravenous fluids.
It is crucial to resume a child's regular diet as soon as possible, including breastfeeding for infants and regular formula or solids for older children. Dairy may be avoided initially, and a bland diet comprising foods like bananas, applesauce, rice, and toast can be introduced.
Antibiotics may be prescribed for specific bacterial or parasitic infections, though they often do not alter the duration or severity of diarrhoea. Probiotics may help alleviate symptoms by restoring the balance of gut bacteria. However, medications to slow bowel movements are generally not recommended for acute diarrhoea but may be considered for chronic cases.
Teach your children about the importance of good hygiene at home or school. Encourage regular and thorough handwashing with soap and water, especially before eating and after using the bathroom to prevent the transmission of infections within the family.
You could also talk to your doctor to get your child vaccinated with a rotavirus vaccine, which helps prevent diarrhoea.
Provide safe and clean drinking water and ensure that food is properly prepared, cooked, and stored to prevent contamination. Avoid giving untreated water or uncooked foods, particularly when travelling to areas with poor sanitation.
Promote and support breastfeeding, as breast milk provides essential nutrients and antibodies that help protect infants against infections, including diarrhoea.
Maintain clean and hygienic living environments, including regularly cleaning and disinfecting surfaces, toilets, and diaper-changing areas. Proper disposal of diapers and faeces is essential to prevent the spread of infections.
Promote a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins to support overall health and strengthen the immune system.
Minimise exposure to potential sources of infection, such as untreated water sources, contaminated foods, and contact with individuals who are ill with diarrhoea or gastrointestinal infections.
If you are travelling with your child, ensure that you follow proper travel safety methods, such as:
As mentioned earlier in the article, most diarrhoea cases may be resolved on their own and are not serious medical concerns. However, you need to contact your doctor immediately if you find the following symptoms in your child:
Diarrhoea is a common problem for babies and young children. It usually goes away within a few days and does not call for medical treatment. That said, if your child’s symptoms worsen, consult a doctor.
Get in touch with us to book an appointment today if you notice concerning signs of your child's diarrhoea, or visit our Paediatric Care Department at your nearest Pantai Hospital.
Pantai Hospitals have been accredited by the Malaysian Society for Quality in Health (MSQH) for its commitment to patient safety and service quality.
.png?sfvrsn=71934c60_8)
.png?sfvrsn=1370dfbd_9)
Request an Appointment.webp?sfvrsn=276ce14_1/vector-(3).webp)
International Patient
Find A Doctor
