Nasopharyngeal cancer is a common type of head and neck cancer that originates in the nasopharynx, the area behind the nose and above the back of the throat.
Nasopharyngeal cancer is broadly categorised into three types:
Common symptoms include:
Risk factors include infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a family history of nasopharyngeal cancer, Asian ancestry, exposure to certain environmental factors, and consumption of preserved foods containing nitrites.
Diagnosing nasopharyngeal cancer typically involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, imaging tests (such as MRI and CT scans), nasal endoscopy, biopsy, and tests to detect the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
Treatment options for nasopharyngeal cancer depend on various factors, including the type and stage of cancer, the patient's overall health, and preferences. Common treatments include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and in some cases, surgery.
While it's challenging to prevent nasopharyngeal cancer entirely, certain strategies can help reduce the risk. This includes avoiding exposure to environmental risk factors, maintaining a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and considering lifestyle choices that reduce the risk of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. Additionally, proactive screening methods are also available such as EBV serology and nasal endoscopy.